>, my opinion on this topic is distorted because I spent a lot of time programming in C++
Mathematics-related programming[1] in MATLAB, R Language, Mathematica, SAS, etc all use 1-based indexing. Given that the originators of Julia are MATLAB users, it makes sense that they made a deliberate choice to keep 1-based indexing.
In other words, it was more important to grab mindshare from those previous math tools rather than appeal to C/C++/Java/etc programmers.
One outlier in the landscape of numerical programming is Python+NumPy/SciPy in the sense that it uses 0-based indices. While Julia also wants to be attractive to Python programmers, it still seems like the bigger motivation was programmers of MATLAB and other math software.
[1]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=02U9AJMEWx0&feature=youtu.be...