I read the paper a month ago, and I'm quite familiar with this field for my own reasons [1]. They attempt to minimize the expense I'm talking about. They don't reduce overfitting, improve accuracy, or even make any changes to the underlying predictive algorithm.
The simulator is a great illustration of exactly what they did; the entirety of the work is generalizing that to arbitrary predictors (subject to a few conditions) and bounding the accuracy penalty.
Feel free to cite the theorem improving accuracy if you disagree.
[1] One idea I'm kicking around is the following. Banks/others are legally required to issue bad loans for fairness. I suspect there is a lot of money to be made hacking this, I just haven't figured out how yet.