I'm a dev on the C#/VB IDE experience (and i've written and maintain many of the Refactorings for those languages). C# and VB do support refactorings like 'Extract Method' and 'Move to Separate File'.
We've also exposed a full analysis and code manipulation API through 'Roslyn' so that community members can contribute even more refactorings through extensions.
One reason this may not have been clear is that previously we didn't strongly indicate to you that a refactoring was available. i.e. when you selected some code to extract a method, you would then have to use ctrl-dot to get the list of things you could do. Now, in VS2017 we pop up our 'Lightbulb' whenever refactorings are available. This helps make the refactorings much more discoverable and we've seen a very large uptick in people invoking them now that it's much clearer that they're available.
If you use VS2017 and find issues with our fixes/refactorings, or you would like us to add more, please file feedback at https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn Thanks!