It's not a goal I guess to shrink these "photon CPU-s" to 5nm at start.
> but this is still far from the realm in which it makes sense to replace an electronic transistor with an optical transistor
The electromagnetic spectrum even at mid-near infrared wavelengths frequencies could help chips operate on the THz scale! You might list a mountain of reasons it can't work, but it's just fun to imagine that it might be possible to turn a cycle of light to an operation.
You can build interesting things at that scale, in this research they also refer to communication as you mentioned [1]
Thanks for that link, I downloaded the paper :)
[1] http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2011/05/31/nanoscale-waveguide-for...