We're not quite that naive and clumsy. I'm the first one to make sure we keep discussion on-point and actively shutdown the monologuers of our team.
So let's clarify -- "speak up in a meeting" means when a senior person doesn't provide input at a time that would provide better direction, identify issues earlier in a process, etc. If you're a senior engineer, I need your input to ensure we're doing the right thing(s).
The forum of a group meeting isn't always in the wheelhouse of someone who freezes up when speaking in front of others. It's understandable -- I used to be one of those people. It can be out of your comfort zone, and doing so feels super-risky as well as plain frightening. It is still just a skill to be learned, no different than building muscles through exercise.
In our group, we talk a lot about trust and support. Everything we do is in the spirit of making each other stronger. Everyone has strengths and weaknesses -- share your strengths with the group, and build your weaknesses from the strength of others. It sounds pie-in-the-sky, but as the head of my group, I make sure we take this seriously.
So we don't have 80% of our group shutting down -- nobody talks over the top of anyone else, and we don't allow it. We need the input of the best of those, and sometimes that involves speaking up. If you're on my team and that notion makes you nervous, I understand. But as I've always explained to my team, we're going to help you build skills, and communicating is one of them.