I think we're off on the wrong foot here. I agree with you that median cost to the employer and median income are not exactly the same thing. I asked if you thought that changed the substance of my argument, and you didn't reply.

I assume your 10% figure here is purely rhetorical, since per my estimate and sibling comment's the cost of employing a graduate student is at least $50k. So your 10% estimate would imply the median cost of an employee is $500k, which is obviously not true.

I don't want to drive this further into nitpicking so I will conclude this exchange by conceding, again, that median income and median cost to employer are not the same thing. Have a good day.