I meant that basic C++ seems rather straightforward and at first doesn't appear to introduce too many new footguns over the C subset. Actually thanks to vectors and RAII it can remove whole classes of classic C mistakes.

It's only when you start to have all these elements work (or not work) together that you realize that it's not as simple as it first seemed and the various side effects, overloadings and implied constraints sprinkled throughout the code turned it into a virtual minefield.

Case in point, this video I've watched the past week: https://channel9.msdn.com/posts/C-and-Beyond-2012-Herb-Sutte...

It's a very interesting talk (and probably worth a watch if you're a C++ developer) but the amusing thing to me is that he begins by showing two short pieces of rather simple C++ code and asks the audience if they are UB or not. Seems like nobody can (or want to) answer that question.

Spoiler: the conclusion of the talk is that one of these pieces of code is only legal if the copy constructor of the custom type adheres to certain implied constraints that are not enforced by the compiler and, it seems, few people are aware of.

Not to belabour the metaphor or anything but if your footartillery doesn't fire, you still have feet.

This is probably the point that simias is making and I tend to agree. It's straightforward to get a simple C++ program working with decent performance if you know C. And RAII, std::vec etc makes you feel quite productive.

Now, at some point you'll notice that debug and release don't act the same way. Occasionally. Or you try to add threading to a single-threaded program. Then the love will die (due to bloodloss from blowing off the whole leg). But that's often after months of reasonably productive development.

Rust, to a large extent, will prevent you from ever getting to that state and that's a very good thing. But the upfront cost is quite high. My guess is that those of us who have experienced the C++ pain will appreciate the value that that cost is buying.

But I'm hopeful that Rust will draw a wider audience primarily because of your last point. It's really quite conservative at present. The NLS work is already expanding the scope of acceptable programs and, I presume, that what is learnt from that effort will seed further work in that space.

C++ gives you an embarrassment of footgun riches above and beyond what C provides. On the other hand, idiomatic modern C++ also deftly avoids many of the C pitfalls. e.g. You don't ever touch new, delete, or raw pointers — instead favouring RAII-based smart pointers, and references. You avoid arrays in favour of vectors. This style (as opposed to old-school C-with-classes C++) is way more productive, and way safer.