The Python Packaging Authority says that pipenv is the first "recommended way" for managing application dependencies: https://packaging.python.org/guides/tool-recommendations/#ap...

Except if pipenv doesn't meet your needs. Then use pip.

Or, if you need cross-platform support, use buildout.

Or, if you are doing scientific computation, don't use any of those, use conda, Hashdist, or Spack.

Or if you need to create a package, use setuptools and twine.

So, no, pip and virtualenv don't solve the problem, because there are a lot of different problems and use-cases. I can say from my experience that conda is _the_ best solution to the problem for scientific work.