The big one is anything that requires locking. Git by nature doesn't support locking.
The next one is repository size. Anything with extremely large history size or checkout size. Very hard to work with using Git. Microsoft has Git VFS. Facebook and Google have modified versions of Mercurial and Git.
High repository velocity. If you are trying to push to a remote and you are always out of sync, it's going to slow you down.
Checking out different commits for different parts of the tree. This one is a bit more rare, it's less common that you'd want this.
Finally, setting ACLs to deny read access to parts of the tree.
For all of these cases, there are some ways you can work around the problem. It's not like you're completely dead in the water with Git, it's not like these things are completely impossible to do in Git. It's just that Git isn't good at everything. It's just that Git is exceptionally good for most people who write code.