https://www.w3schools.com will get you started on making a static html page that you can open in your web browser.
A web server responds to a web browsers request for a document at a url. Learn about HTTP.
Then, you can begin serving this file, but rather than serving it from Apache or some other webserver, you can begin exploring a backend application server environment of some kind, perhaps PHP or Node.js or Ruby "Sinatra" (you mentioned Python, so there's "flask") or something just to get you familiar with HTTP and it's request-response lifecycle. You will never leave this lifecycle, despite doing lots of fancy stuff in between the bookends of receiving a request and returning a response.
You can start with returning your static html page and move on to passing data back and forth.
You can then investigate persistence and how to store data and look it up via a database server that your applcation server can connect to, for now you can have them on the same machine.
There are a million directions you can take the general stuff I outlined above.
