http://m.jes.ecsdl.org/content/166/13/A3031
Abstract:
We present a wide range of testing results on an excellent
moderate-energy-density lithium-ion pouch cell chemistry to serve
as benchmarks for academics and companies developing advanced lithium-ion
and other “beyond lithium-ion” cell chemistries to(hopefully) exceed.
These results are far superior to those that have been used by researchers
modelling cell failure mechanisms and as such, these results are more
representative of modern Li-ion cells and should be adopted by modellers.
Up to three years of testing has been completed for some of the tests.
Tests include long-term charge-discharge cycling at 20, 40 and 55°C,
long-term storage at 20, 40and 55°C, and high precision coulometry at 40°C.
Several different electrolytes are considered in this LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2/graphite
chemistry, including those that can promote fast charging. The reasons for
cell performance degradation and impedance growth are examined using
several methods. We conclude that cells of this type should be able to power
an electric vehicle for over 1.6million kilometers (1 million miles) and last
at least two decades in grid energy storage. The authors acknowledge that
other cellformat-dependent loss, if any, (e.g. cylindrical vs. pouch) may
not be captured in these experiments.