Only big asterisk is that it seems to paper over that you need a strong and trustworthy relationship to have these questions be answered sincerely and honestly. Otherwise you'll get shrugs and/or non-answers to keep you happy.
The hard part isn't what to ask, it's how to build and maintain an environment where people feel secure enough to speak their mind.
1-on-1, the most powerful thing we can recommend to any managers in the world - To Sit down and talk to their folks on weekly basis regularly like clockwork because just chatting with your folks periodically is not a way to get to know them - It doesn’t work. And the single most important thing you can do to improve your relationship, and therefore your results with your team is to get to know the strengths and weaknesses of everybody who works for you as individuals rather than as a group.
We use our own tool (https://peoplebox.ai) and many of these questions are embedded in it but you can use these questions with any tool you like or currently using.