For companies who need a random jobs done like data entry or data cleaning, it's an amazing service where an army of freelancers will fight over your meager $200 budget. They put the cheap labor through hell because they know they can - all in an effort to make the hiring experience better than hiring local help. The person hiring has 110% of the power. The first clue is that the hiring person literally gets to spy on your screen 100% of the time which is insane and not a working condition you should accept form a real job.
If you are a US/UK/other expensive place developer, you should not be using Upwork to find work unless you literally have no contacts and no experience. It's the very bottom of the barrel of consulting. You should be building your own client relationships in your own market. If you can do that, you can easily earn 5x - 10x what you can earn on a commodity platform like Upwork. But if you are in the Phillipines and you can make double a local wage helping someone far away clean up a spreadsheet, that might make more sense.
What he's saying is pretty spot on. ANY market place that's wide spread/large enough is an efficiency system that goes to fair market value.
Is there a fix that I could provide? No, because what he's complaining about, someone in India is praising. The Indian designer can get discovered. Pumps out good, solid work at 94% success and makes way more money than he ever could staying local to his/her area.
It is outsourcing and the article writer might have more skills, completely possible, but in a market place that turns skills into commodities you need to stand out. Relates to the clients better w/ background, stronger portfolio, bigger named contracts. There are expensive designers on Upwork for sure, and they deserve it, but they didn't get there out of the gate.
If I had a friend who was a designer in a first world country that asked about Upwork, I'd say avoid it. Make friends with local companies, upsell into bigger ones, and shun Upwork.
Your advantage has to be, you can sidestep it.
If there is ONE THING governments hate it is companies not paying taxes. But this is a problem for EU clients as well. They need complete invoices too.
Duh? Clients are those who pour money into the platform, hence the optimization.
I mean, wouldn't you try your best to make your paying customers as happy as possible/legal ?