I also question how the switch from products to services has influenced the numbers. I don't know how gdp is calculated but it seems non trivial to value goods to services in a why that truely communicates the expansion/value of the economy.
Further more, markets look to the future. Let's say an asteroid passes by with all the energy and materials we would ever need and we could harvest then for free, would the market grow by all the value of the minerals in that asteroid?
We ought to compare annual debt to annual production, or cumulative debt to cumulative production.
> ...
> ... The Modern Monetary Theorists out there might find this to be a great argument for deficit spending, but it’s really a pretty simple trick to grow the economy by $1 trillion today by borrowing $1 trillion from tomorrow.
The author makes some good points.
The discussion would be strengthened if the graph obviously showed what he says it does. This should be a simple matter of using GDP growth minus deficit spending as one of the bar sequences.