Here are some suggestions for improving the mathematics education of pupils who show early advanced abilities in mathematics:
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Resources/articles.php?pa...
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Resources/articles.php?pa...
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Resources/articles.php?pa...
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Resources/articles.php?pa...
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Resources/articles.php?pa...
(Summary of the advice linked above is make sure students learn mathematics beyond the standard school curriculum, which is not designed for the top students, and make sure the top students have a chance to meet one another and to challenge themselves with difficult problems that they can discuss afterwards. The site that provides those links provides many of the opportunities necessary, largely for free.)
Here is commentary by a Fields medalist on what successful mathematics education looks like over the long haul:
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/math/pdf/0503/0503081v1.pdf
(Summary of Thurston's advice is emphasize connectedness of mathematics and deep understanding over racing through the standard curriculum.)
A more practical solution would be to change how the books themselves are written. Math is taught as just a set of rules to be memorized. We've lost the fact that math was motivated by real problems that real people had. We need to teach it in a problem-analysis-solution manner rather than "here are some rules and now here are some contrived problems for practice".