Really? I'm not sure about that.
>My contention is that people discover a lot of this information anyway and get more angry in a private-salary system.
I've never personally heard of a person getting upset upon discovering someone else's private salary.
I know lots of people who are dissatisfied because they're obviously far more valuable than a peer at the same level, and lots of people who are resented because of their parasitism at a higher-level job. (This is in the government system, where salaries are pretty transparent.)
All in all, transparent salaries don't really work that well for the government. What makes you think the corporate sector could do better?