>There is clearly a difference between persisting a media file to disk vs having it ephemeral in browser memory.

Is there? When "streaming" video, there most certainly is a copy of the bits being stored on a disk to ensure that the video "stream" plays cleanly and without interruption.

Are you making the claim that "streamed" video is never buffered/stored on disk? That's an odd claim to make. I'm no expert on video streaming, but I would be very surprised to find that all video streams are only stored in RAM and not on disk.

I may well be wrong about that. Perhaps someone more knowledgeable could chime in.

An interesting question along these lines arose recently in relation to an Australian password disclosure law that related to accessing “computers,” which was used to compel disclosure of a smartphone passcode. To HN readers and the digital forensics people who pull data off smartphones, they’re obviously computers. But the judge was not convinced that a law written to allow access to “computers” in the early 2000s was intended to allow access to smartphones today, which contain far more personal information than the typical personal computer of 20 years ago. After all, if you asked someone “do you have a computer?” they would be unlikely to say yes based on their possession of a smartphone. And if you ask someone who streamed a YouTube video whether they “downloaded” it, I think in most cases the answer would be no. That’s why the tool is called “youtube-dl,” even though it is now used for streaming as well.

> There is clearly a difference between persisting a media file to disk vs having it ephemeral in browser memory.

yes, at some point actual human intentions must come into play. you can't defend stuff like CP by saying "it's just some EM pulses, what's the big deal?". or "no I'm not invading your privacy with my IR camera, you are broadcasting in the IR spectrum!".

in this case the implementation does blur the line a little bit. what if the browser's memory gets swapped out to a page file on a (spinning) hard drive? even if the cache gets "deleted" after closing the tab, it might be quite a while before the sectors containing that protected sequence of bits get overwritten. is this infringement?

I agree there is a legal/practical/moral difference between streaming and downloading something. But there's no need to obscure the technical difference by downvoting people when they point it out.

They're saying that sure, the name youtube-dl might well imply it's specifically for downloading things from YouTube, but that doesn't mean it's specifically for downloading video from YouTube.

Plenty of it? I regularly download the metadata and subtitles of entire channels or playlists so that I can search for specific words or phrases in thousands of hours of video. I know of no other way to accomplish this.