Especially given not all of the world has a tradition of caring about foreign IP enforcement. Say, post-pandemic and when you'd like to use Moderna's methods for other drugs.

Which, say what you want about IP law, but pharma objectively has the best claim to it -- if we want new drugs and safety, exclusivity periods and sole ownership of IP are the only way to balance the massive initial financial outlay. (Without funding it directly from government)

Sometimes. Most companies have a complex set of what they license and what they don't. In part it is based on fees, in part based on what the other will do it with it.