You can already do that on Google -- press "Tools", then use the dropdown to change "Any Time" to "Past Week", or use the Custom Range option to select whatever time period you want.
The question is whether you should also be able to do a strict order by date, without regard to ranking. I'm not sure if you'd ever really want that.
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[1] California in the past week:
https://www.google.com/search?q=california&tbs=qdr:w
[2] California in October of last year:
https://www.google.com/search?q=california&tbs=cdr%3A1%2Ccd_...