If you're not using full disk encryption, you're going to be vulnerable to physical attacks no matter what. It does mean the attacker will need 30 more minutes with your phone though.
Just set up encryption. Once it works, it works, so it's worth it.
Does Android even have a full disk encryption option anymore? Last I heard they moved to file based encryption. I don't know enough to knowledgeably discuss the tradeoffs though.
You're right, from Android 10 onwards it's file based encryption. Still, it can be set up with ROMs and work. The most difficult part is getting the bootloader and recovery to grok the encryption
