The graph shows about a .1% chance of death at age 50 if you catch COVID-19. The chance of hospitalization and potential long-term symptoms is a multiple of that.
Vaccinated folks have a lower chance of catching COVID, so as a whole, they have a lower chance of spreading it.
1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33289900/#&gid=article-figur...