I think most high school (USA) biology courses probably touch on the concept of viruses? This level of detail was certainly taught in high school Advanced Placement (AP) Biology when I took it many years ago.
I took both high school and university biology. We had two or three chapters on viruses in each textbook. But it was mostly discussed in terms of cellular and chemical levels. It was mostly abstracted from disease and epidemiology. Epidemiological concepts were barely taught, except for maybe a brief mention of exponential growth.
We didn't learn much about bacteria and viruses, we learned much more about cells with human DNA. We definitely didn't touch on rapid evolution of microscopic life, even in courses where we did spend a little bit of time talking about viruses.
