Gnome is the only linux desktop environment that got 4k (sort of) right. If you don't like gnome then you are on your own. I use sway/wayland for work and i3/xorg for home and I got them to work in 4k after days of customization. Wayland, X, sway, each version of gtk, qt, and various apps all have their own configuration, each which need to be configured separately, often with conflicting results, and when finally functioning, still don't work very well.

I know this comment is aging, but I had to configure every app individually in Linux Mint 18 (which I acknowledge is older), whereas macOS I just moved a slider.

That said, I didn't realize until just now it could have been due to being on such an older Linux Mint, so maybe I'm just way out of date.

It's 2022. Linux should be past the point of requiring people to hunt for a config file so they can edit it to get a usable display.