I can’t speak for the rest of Europe. It’s a big place you know.
Renewing after 5 years will presumably get you whatever rate is then? Which might be much higher.
It's always better to get a fixed rate (for the life of the loan) mortgage. If rates go up, you're protected. If rates go down, you can refinance to cheaper rates.
When people in one market talk about their fixed rate mortgages adjusting rates, it sounds strange to people familiar with other markets, just reinforcing the “real estate is local” adage.
In France, for example, the standard mortgage is fixed rate, for the whole duration of the loan, which is usually 20 to 25 years.
https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/bank-overground/2020/why-are...
(In 2020, more than half of new mortgages were fixed for 5 years or more.)
Mortgages are (almost) always 30 years duration.
I don't know what country in Europe you can't get fixed rates but it's not the Netherlands, that I know for sure. (Also there really isn't a 'Europe' for these things, every country is different)
In the United States we don't call that "fixed". We call that an adjustable rate mortgage. For example, my mortgage is fixed at 3% for its entire 30 year term and can properly be called "fixed".
People in the United States are leery of ARMs after what happened during the mortgage crisis in 2006-2011 so proper labeling is more important.