My experience mirrors yours. Fastmail’s filtering is at least as good as Google’s for my inboxes, but Google and the other big players don’t seem to have spam filtering better than Fastmail’s on balance. Casually controlling for things like inbox age, I still get a bit more spam in my Google inboxes than in my Fastmail inboxes.
Once you’ve warmed up/activated the personal mail filter in Fastmail, it seems to work better than anyone else’s.