First ring:
Red: Hi-Speed
Yellow: 5 Gbps
Green: 20 Gbps
Blue: 40 Gbps
Black: charging only
Second ring: Orange: 60 W
Cyan: 240 W
Black: data only
Plus print the values on the rings in black font, for the colorblind.But then one day I was on AliExpress or Alibaba or something and seeing that you could just buy cables from some manufacturer with whatever color you wanted. And I lost faith in the reliability of color id for cables.
I'd go with yellow, like how we draw lightning.