As for what the framers thought, Wikipedia has some choice quotes, including from Thomas Jefferson: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_review_in_the_United_...
But at least with two hundred years of general acceptance, so clearly there was something to it.
But say, 80 years (FDR's expansion of executive power, which reactionaries in the courts are currently dismantling) is not?
Hardly anyone alive remembers it in any other way by this point, and everyone involved in setting that state of affairs has been dead and buried for a generation. And yet...
It's also strange how people seem to be fine to cherrypick a superset of (constitution + a bunch of other two-centuries old political babble), but exclude mountains of conflicting (two centuries-old political babble). It's almost as if the desired outcome is pre-determined, and we're just looking for fig leaves to justify it.