I believe that would come under the time to get home calculation. Aside from that all these other points would seem to be to Japan's benefit.
I think it's fair to say that Japan is the country in the world with the most reliable trains
> In 2019, the average one-way commute in the United States increased to a new high of 27.6 minutes [27.6]
Which would mean the reasonable "maximum" is going to be about an hour one-way. Some will commute further but it'll drop off very fast. You can actually see it in action if you graph house prices on a map around an urban area; once you are outside commuting distance from the center prices start going down. People will still commute to the edges of the metro, but the numbers who want to decreases.
And a train can create "pockets" further away by mileage.
[27.6] https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2021/one-way-...
Average commutes in the US are brought down by urbanites who live close to the office and suburbanites who live a modest drive away from an office park.
