Here is the decompilation of the listcomp

    [x for x in range(5)]

:

    RESUME 0
    BUILD_LIST
    LOAD_FAST
    FOR_ITER 4
    STORE_FAST (x)
    LOAD_FAST (x)
    LIST_APPEND
    JUMP_BACKWARDS 5
    RETURN_VALUE

As you can see from the third last instruction, a listcomp does append individual elements to the list. What it doesn’t need to do is call a method to do so (let alone lookup the corresponding method).

No, AFAIK each for loop iteration appends and pops the stack in the interpreter, while map loops all entirely in the native implementation of the interpreter itself.