This is an interesting question (which I don't know the answer to) because the Raspberry Pi hardware does not itself come with a license for Mathematica or the software in question. Rather, it's part of the Raspbian distribution. I think there's a decent chance that you agree to an EULA after installing the software that would prohibit running it on other hardware, but it would be interesting to hear something definite.

At one time, it would test for the existence of Pi-specific devices, but it’s been a long while since I ran it there.