On average, people who buy fire insurance lose money over people who do not. This seems counterintuitive, but it must be true or the insurance companies would all go bankrupt.
That’s all this study demonstrates: On average, many screenings are more costly across the entire population than their benefits re: life expectancy.
It doesn’t mean fire insurance or cancer screenings are necessarily bad investments. Some screenings might have more harm than benefit, some insurers are scams. Many do what they’re supposed to do and insure against catastrophic individual risk.