"Large language models with vision capabilities (VLMs), e.g., GPT-4o and Gemini-1.5 Pro are powering countless image-text processing applications"

I don't know how many a "countless" is, but I think we've gotten really sloppy in terms of what counts for LLMs as a demonstrated, durable win in a concrete task attached to well-measured outcomes and holding up over even modest periods of time.

This stuff is really promising and lots of builders are making lots of nifty things, so if that counts as an application then maybe we're at countless, but in the enterprise and in government and in refereed academic literature we seem to be at the proof-of-concept phase. Impressive chat bots as a use case are pretty dialed in, enough people claim that they help with coding that I tend to believe it's a real thing (I never seem to come out ahead of going directly to the source, StackOverflow).

The amount of breathless press on this seems "countless", so maybe I missed the totally rigorous case study on how X company became Y percent more profitable by doing Z thing with LLMs (or similar), and if so I'd be grateful for citations, but neither Google nor any of the big models seem to know about it.