The most elegant implementation I saw of this were card readers with a 2D (colored) barcode scan ; the 2D barcode contained transaction details that the card reader would display on its screen. This was an effective control against MITM. But even I myself always misplaced the card reader.
So now, most confirmations are done using the banking app. Even if I use a credit card by filling in its details on a US website, I get a push notification on my phone to confirm the tx on my app.
The app asks for a password or uses biometrics, so thats 1FA, and the app is enrolled at some point, so the token on your phone (I presume in some secure storage) counts as the 'thing you have' for 2FA.
Enrolling the app nowadays usually entails scanning your ID card and a 'live selfie' (blink your eyes). And of course you get notified (via e-mail) that you just installed the app on some device.