Python's reactor pattern, or event loop as you call it, started with the "Twisted" framework or library. And that was first published in 2003. That's a full 6 years before Node.js was released which I assume was the first time anything event-loopy started happening in the JS world.

I forgot to mention that it came into prominence in the Python world through the Tornado http server library that did the same thing. Slowly over time, more and more language features were added to give native or first-class-citizen support to what a lot of people were doing behind the scenes (in sometimes very contrived abuses of generator functions).