Not to the same extent. Neovim has extensive Lua support, to the point where you can do _almost_ anything in Lua, whereas in Vim, it's, AFAIK, a second-class citizen. For example, my nvim config is written entirely in Lua with no vimscript files, except for a few vim.cmd's that run one-line vimscript commands. (exactly three, and they're all highlighting/colorscheme–related).