Right, but the EU can only enforce its laws on companies that have a presence in the EU. A company that doesn't do business in the EU and never will do business in the EU will not obey EU law regardless of what those laws say.
Meanwhile, a company that does business in the EU would be subject to fines by the EU and wouldn't be able to dodge them without just stopping doing business in the EU. So why do the laws not just say "here's how you have to treat data belonging to our citizens if you want to continue to do business in the EU"? Why does the physical location of the data that is being thus protected matter at all?