As currently posed, the voucher is a subsidy to already wealthy people who can afford to supplement the voucher with extra $$ to pay for their children’s education.
Frankly, I don't actually buy that all private schools are necessarily superior to public schools.
You're probably just thinking of elite private schools, of the type that rich people in NYC want to send their kids to, but there are plenty of other kinds of private schools out there.
The degree to which they have to meet any standards at all vary by jurisdiction.
Some are explicitly religious, and will not be teaching accurate history or biology because of that.
Some are based on experimental (to put it kindly) pedagogical theories that are not well-grounded in research or evidence (but have some wealthy people willing to buy into them).
Just because it costs more money to go to does not remotely guarantee that it will provide a better education.
Interestingly, I work with a lot of people who do have a stay-at-home partner and homeschool their kids in large cities.
In my personal experience, I haven't met a single home school adult who was well-adjusted. I have met some who became well-adjusted after working a demanding enough job (I used to work in a kitchen). I don't think software engineering is nearly demanding enough for that kind of development.