Outside of coreutils, let's consider bash and ksh88.
The two have differing behavior in several areas (coprocesses, alias handling, final pipeline fork, etc.), but this divergence in behavior happened before POSIX.2 and the standardization of the POSIX shell, which is largely a subset of ksh88.
The gist is that activating a mode for POSIX compliance will generally remove functionality, because the standardization happened a decade after development began, and the standards themselves were excessively conservative in adherence to System V.
I've seen that useful GNU extensions are generally adopted by BSD, but much more slowly by POSIX.
That does not serve UNIX well. Someone should challenge the Austin Group for effective control of UNIX standardization.