I have only used Astro for toy stuff but it seemed neat. Congrats to the team.
EDIT: To put paid to the sidebar discussion below, yes I meant "for instance, consider `uv`; they might do these nice things and go nowhere but now that companies like Bun and Astro have gotten acquired, it demonstrates a future for others; therefore we will get more things like Astral's `uv` and so on". Hope that clarifies.
Edit: OP clarified what they meant, I'm sorry for the misunderstanding on my part!
I mean good for them, but it would be nice if the same happened to e.g. Astral (cf.).
It'll be interesting to see where Astral ends up landing on that; afaik they have a small team and have only raised seed money, but who knows.
if dev tools can only be "monetized" by being bought out, it does not feel sustainable on any level
we will see companies attempt to do things like close source these projects, go subscription based, or just straight up drop support
there is no incentives for cloudflare to make astro better, or even keep it around
same goes with bun, svelte, and i'm sure countless others
Decades of VC cash has trained developers to never pay for anything that powers their entire career like dev tools. The assumption is you can always squeeze some rich business customer that employs the dev.
If AI kills hiring of software engineers, then there's less devs inside businesses to sell to. So we can either pay for the products we use directly, or not have them at all.
It will take a decade to shift penny pinching behavioral habits of devs but slowly over time the market will correct itself. Chefs have always had to buy their own knives. This is good imo.
So all those frameworks have to end up somewhere, and I’d rather it be somewhere else than vercel, as they already own way too much of the web frontend space.
There is - to counter NextJs. NextJs is a pain to host outside Vercel and makes Cloudflare lose customers. In theory that's why Gatsby was bought out.
> same goes with bun, svelte, and i'm sure countless others
Svelte was also taken over by Vercel. To control frontend hosting. Bun isn't in the same bucket. There isn't such competition going on.
I can't even begin to comprehend what kind of world view you need to have, to think that being bought out by some megacorp with an at-best 50/50 chance of continuing existing products is an accurate measure of a "good business", much less that its the only measure.
You'll see a lot more in the next 12 months ;)
A brand - like charm bracelet - with dev tools is another avenue. Why build one when you can build dozens?
In the end it’s about providing value. Not novelty but value. Make your new overlords better or faster or make everyone better or faster. Provide a value that can be measured.
But I also see the difficulty that Astro faced here. Despite being happy with the framework, I never paid for it. The paid offerings didn’t strike a chord with me. And it was partly because whatever they offered, Cloudflare already offered on a very generous free tier.
I'm glad the team have got a second life within Cloudflare,. I'm happy for the people who've given me such excellent software for free for years. Thanks folks!
By all accounts, they’ve centralised the delivery of this static HTML at several layers of the network stack, and you’re not getting static HTML anymore because some other part of the business fucked it up.
The World Wide Web was serving static HTML for decades before Cloudflare came along. Open an FTP client, drag and drop, and boom - new HTMl is served.
If your traffic volume stays well below server capacity, the network connection is impeccable and throughput isn't a major factor in ISP costs, then the improvement is indeed negligible.
However, if the server or it's network ever experience congestion or disruption, or you simply face sheer volume, that's when CDNs shine.
Regional caches insulate clients from network or performance issues with your server or its connection. If you have high volume, they also drastically reduce traffic through the backbone which can reduce ISP costs, depending on your contract.
Like others say, this really applies to all static content, including static media, css and js.
I hear you ask, "how can you be exceedingly good at this?" Caching itself isn't tricky, but catching efficiently and effectively at such huge scales is. The fact that Cloudflare offers these services for FREE, is a pretty good (perhaps Faustian) deal.
But with the events of the world being what they are I have been considering moving my Astro page to BunnyCDN and thus Europe (where I live). The only Cloudflare specific feature I've used is D1 database so migrating now shouldn't be too difficult. I really hope Cloudflare does not make it difficult to use Astro on other providers, either intentionally or by accident. Next.js for a long time was essentially a framework that only ran great on Vercel, and using other providers was asking to become a second citizen. I believe it is somewhat better now with proper provider plugin system, but still.
Astro has been great and I understand they need to find a way to economically sustain their business. Joining a big company like Cloudflare is one way to do that. I can't complain too much never having opted to use Astro's commercial offerings. So I only hope they keep Astro open. I'm building a new product on top of Astro now and would hate to see it become a Cloudflare-only product.
Congratulations to the Astro team!
For example, Cloudflare released their vite plugin which makes it effortless for frameworks that use the vite env API to run inside workerd (meaning you get to use cloudflare service bindings in dev) back in April and only React Router had support for it. Nextjs has no support, the draft PR to add support for Sveltekit has been parked until the next major version, Astro only just added support in their beta 6.0 release 3 days ago
With this acquisition, Astro will probably be first to future updates that increase compatibility with cloudflare. It's smart, and was probably not very expensive (more of an acqui-hire)
From what I remember, you can't even run a NextJS app through vite?
I was impressed since I got interactive compilation and state tracking of how many exercises the user completed.
I think every deployment pipeline having it's own preferred UI framework (and CMS, and cloud-DB solution) makes a lot of sense.
Source: I use cloudflare and used to run my app there (nextjs) and had to do a migration to vite.js. So the way I see it, this is cloudflare response to vercel.
It’s wild that they’re somewhat taking the whole React ecosystem with them.
Cross fingers that CloudFlare never try similar lock-in games, now that they control Astro?
Additionally, I wish more serveless cloud vendors would offer a free tier like Vercel, including support for compiled languages on the backend (C, C++, Rust, Go) without asking me for a credit card upfront.
I also wouldn't be surprised if cloudflare wants to build this into their site-hosting capabilities.
This is probably just an acquihire.
Its quite a nice DX actually.
I could see Cloudflare just wanting to push for a bit more vertical integration in the space to give themselves some more options.
Some here say they gain Astro users, that Cloudflare will become part of the default deployment. But given Cloudflare's current scale, how much are Astro's users worth? Is it even worth the distraction for Cloudflare? Companies lose energy to lots of small, low-value operations.
Most acquisitions begin with announcments that nothing will change, in order to retain customers and employees. They say '<acquistion> is so great, we don't want to interfere, and we're keeping existing management and letting them run things'. After the transition period - often 1 year - the old managers leave and the big changes happen, sometimes including shutting down the product because it was an acqui-hire all along or an IP acquisition.
It seems like Cloudflare must perceive some profit beyond what is announced.
It might not be clear just yet what the path to monetization looks like but an easy example would be deeper integrations with the rest of the Cloudflare ecosystem (for example allowing R2 to be easily along with something like duckdb to live in a world of truly local analytics or something like that).
It seems like these great open source frameworks need to monetize by building a platform around the product but these days it's hyper competitive (ex. Vercel, Cloudflare) and it's hard to get started without an incredible differentiator. So, while monetizing independently as a company might be difficult, Astro can provide a lot of value to the rest of the Cloudflare ecosystem.
I have no inside knowledge, though.
Static optimized sites take very little compute, and little queries.
Since they have the most used framework (nextjs), they made it more server-heavy and changed the paradigm to one where a single page is built up using multiple queries for even just the html.
They then made sure that self hosting that monstrosity is terribly complex for anything serious, and incompatible with the "serverless environment" of their own platform, unless you have devops maintaining it.
And then they severely overhauled the pricing and gimped the included limits. (We were on <1% usage before. And now at 95%< while changing nothing...)
It could of course be a coincidence, but if that were the case, they would be very bad, yet lucky, business people.
100% will never put anything new on vercel and have been avoiding nextjs like the plague.
I personally would like a highly managed Astro solution. Astro is simple but highly extendable.
I can only hope they wean themselves off NPM somehow.
With that said, I have no idea on the market share or profitability of any of that or Cloudflare vs Vercel.
Also perhaps the rails that will be put in place for seamless 1 click Astro deploy will continue to push them forward with other technologies as well, so it's not just about Astro.
I do feel that fear as well, is this an unnecessary distraction for CloudFlare? Time will tell.
buying into something that becomes popular is good advertising for cheap (react is probably the only reason for any kind of goodwill at all towards facebook)
as a function of earnings this is a rounding error purchase for them
Cloudflare is becoming an alternative for Azure, AWS, ... Many don't realize it yet, because they don't know what Cloudflare is offering.
like do you understand which company doing the same thing ????? Vercel is
now we talking, cloudflare want to extend their portofolio and product offering by integrate from top to bottom like vercel does
its doens't make sense/oblivious because we view it as standalone product rather than entire suite of product offering that well integrate vertically
Was it? Hot damn, I knew it'll eventually happen, but we truly are just running around in circles. Eventually these same people will do the same loop around, creating new frameworks because the current "server<>client" model suddenly doesn't make any sense anymore, and of course this should be rendered server-side.
Why are we doomed to repeat this, and why does it happen so quickly particularly in web development? We have each other's histories and knowledge right in front of us, what's missing for us to not continue just running around in circles like this?
React makes sense if you're making Gmail. It doesn't really make sense if you're making a mostly static blog. But because there are more job opportunities in the former (when you consider the wealth of internal web apps out there in the world) all the training courses folks take emphasize React and an app-centric way of thinking about the web.
And perhaps most importantly, it's good enough. It works. Users get by with it. And the developer experience is better than it was in the days of Backbone etc. So few push for change.
This is wrong. Some websites are better mostly (mostly) rendered on the client (we call them "apps", like a map application) and some are better mostly rendered on the server (like blogs).
It was and will be.
It feels like the "JavaScript as a Server Side Language" folk are just repeatedly re-inventing stuff that has been done a million times by other systems with a different back-end only with a new fancy name.
I know this sounds similar, but, compared to the more traditional approach, there is a certain simplicity to having everything just be javascript. You can often run the same libraries on both server and client depending on your needs, plus it fulfills the promise of web components in a way that is easier to work with (though WCs have also come a long way!)
There's a really nice pattern of using Custom Elements [0] for that sort of JS interactivity sprinkling. You can make your web application however you want, and when you want the client to run some JS, you just drop in `<my-component x="..." y="...">...</my-component>` with whatever flavour of HTML templating you have available to you. (also possibly with the is= attribute in the future [1], which will let you keep more of the HTML template out of JS)
It saves you the hassle of element targeting and lets you structure that part of your app a bit more without going overboard on "everything is a react component, even the server bits".
Want something "server side generated" in that JS? Just render it in attributes/body/a slot element/a template element, and expect to pick it up in the JS side of things. Feels like how it's supposed to be... and there's no framework required!
[0] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_compone...
[1] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/...
The other nice thing is that you can throw all kinds of preexisting components from React/whatever into your site, and it will ship zero JS to the client until you explicitly flag a specific JS resource as an "island".
The only special thing about "islands" is that they're an escape hatch from the default behavior of JS being strictly build-time-evaluated. I found the terminology and description a little confusing at first too, because it makes it sound more special than it is. But the concept makes sense when you understand the context of Astro's intentional default behavior.
For instance: I've been using Astro with Svelte to build static sites with some components that require client-side interactivity. I really like that Astro doesn't ship any JS by default and just outputs static HTML, and when I want some page to have an interactive JS component, Svelte is an option that produces a relatively small amount of client JS.
But: Using Svelte with Astro this way for static sites has been broken since August 2025. As soon as you have a conditionally rendered child component in Svelte, Astro fails to bundle the styles for it in the static output of the site, and it does that ONLY in production, which is really devious, you could build a whole site (using astro dev) without knowing and then it breaks when you deploy it.
The issue is here: https://github.com/withastro/astro/issues/14252
I don't want to be complaining about how quickly issues get addressed in an OSS project that I'm not paying for, I don't blame them for not keeping tabs on every framework integration, I just would love to build websites with the latest versions Astro and Svelte, and I unfortunately have the feeling I should have just gone with SvelteKit for a smoother experience.
The JavaScript web framework ecosystem has this problem everywhere lately where frameworks try to be everything to everyone and support every use case anyone might want. It’s noble in theory but without dedicated and active maintainers for each combination there’s bound to be something left behind.
My heuristic has been to only use adapters that the core project maintainers appear to favor. The maintainers for sub-project adapters that are introduced later frequently have maintainers that come and go, with long periods where things start breaking and nobody is interested in fixing them.
When the client side interactivity is very contained and small in scope I also quite like just using plain JavaScript without a framework.
> https://blog.cloudflare.com/open-source-all-the-way-down-upg...
"At Cloudflare, we use Astro, too — for our developer docs, website, landing pages, and more"
The Astro claim is that astro developers will all continue full-time on it. So why acquire it instead of supporting it?
The reason given in complementarity (content and infrastructure), but doesn't that mean that Cloudflare is moving into content? Perhaps it's fair to say some content fits better with Cloudflare, or making it easier to just have static sites is beneficial to Cloudflare?
Is there a convention about announcements, for the acquired to announce happily first to bring customers, and then the acquirer to confirm their benign intentions? When can we expect Cloudflare's take?
That's exactly what made me move to Astro. I would've been happy sticking with Gatsby since it still technically does what it says on the tin, but there were so many security warnings and issues with upgrading dependencies that I gave up.
I hope that this acquisition will go well. It would be sad to lose this great framework. At the same time, we deploy on Cloudflare. So their business is to keep Astro cool so that more people will use Claudflare, it would be a win-win!
I wonder if there will be some sort of collab between Hono and Astro given that Yusukue also works at Cloudflare.
I will never use Cloudflare if I can help it, but this outcome is preferable to Astro becoming abandonware.
Content modeling that actually scales. Built a three-tier system: Concepts (foundational knowledge) → Deep Dives (series-based learning paths) → Systems (production case studies). Each concept tracks prerequisites, related topics, interview relevance by level (L5-L8), and links back to which deep dives use it. Zod validates everything at build time. This isn't a blog template - it's a knowledge graph with static output.
Islands architecture delivers on its promise. React hydrates only for search (Fuse.js across all content types) and a few interactive bits. Rest is zero-JS HTML. Coming from years of Next.js, the bundle size difference is stark. Users on flaky mobile connections notice.
Extensibility without framework lock-in. Wrote a custom Shiki transformer for ASCII diagram highlighting - ERROR renders red, FIX green, DECISION orange. Dynamic OG images generated at build via Satori+Resvg. No Lambda cold starts, no external services, just static assets. Infra cost: basically zero.
View Transitions shipped before others figured it out. One import, smooth page transitions. Small detail, big UX lift.
Where it gets tricky: Complex content relationships require multiple getCollection() calls and manual joins. Works fine, but a query builder would help for sites with heavy cross-linking. Also, the content layer is powerful but documentation assumes simpler use cases.
Product observation: Astro found a real gap - content sites that need occasional interactivity but don't want SPA overhead. Most frameworks optimize for apps and retrofit content. Astro did the opposite and it shows.
Curious how Cloudflare integration plays out. Edge rendering + this content model could be interesting for personalization without sacrificing static performance.
Now we just need Cloudflare to buy one of the DBaaS companies so they have a solid relational offering.
Some features of my SSR-based side project feel like I had to hack them on, such as a hook that runs only on app start (hacked in via middleware) or manually needing to set cache control headers for auth’d content.
All in all, really happy with it. And it isn’t next.js.
Websites should not be vibe coded.
That sounds like shooting yourself in the foot out of pure spite, but you do you.
Still a bit concerned that it might be too tempting to build an entire website infrastructure around cloudflare, which is a single point of failure. But there is really no better alternatives at the moment. I tried self-hosting but eventually resorted to cloudflare because of bad bots, ai, scrappers kept hammering on my sites.
[1] https://raizensoft.com/tutorials/ [2] https://ookigame.com
About the download stats for open source frameworks and libraries.. I keep reading claims of "millions of weekly downloads" -- surely this is a noisy metric, right?
NPM just counts GET requests. A significant number of those must be from CI/CD pipelines, mirrors, build servers, etc.
It still signals popularity, but probably to a much lesser degree than implied.
Number of downloads? Number of stars on GH? Number of content on social medias?
The absolute value is meaningless in itself, but there's a big difference between a library that is downloaded a thousand or millions of times each week. That's the idea.
Meanwhile for-profit projects have actual customers or revenues to demonstrate popularity.
But I really feel like Akamai is who dropped the ball here, this was a low hanging fruit for them and they're lacking offering this capability to offer their corporate clients as they transition to full headless. Now it's going to be their competition (Cloudflare, even Fastly through Adobe & the EDS push) who will try to take a portion of their cake.
The real question is whether Cloudflare can maintain Astro's "framework agnostic" soul while being incentivized to push everyone toward Workers/Pages.
It's the first framework I recommend to web dev beginners, after they have built something with plain HTML and CSS.
I wish there was another path to monetization besides joining a larger company but I'm happy that the team will get to continue building out an amazing framework!
I've been skeptical about trying Astro because it seems to have unnecessary complexity. Also, I don't see any evidence that Cloudflare is going to prioritize making Astro easier to use.
Used this for a portfolio site and and not sure if this news is good or bad for its future.
Astro and Tanstack are probably the best full-stack routers these days, and Astro wins in terms of the wide support for almost any client-side tech
But to be really honest, thinking more about it. atleast from an "AI" bubble perspective, Cloudflare is pretty rock solid and isn't involved in the AI bubble deals whereas vercel has
If you were to use cloudflare workers say the past few months, you would've noticed some serious UI/UX improvements and its projects highlighted astro template was one of the first things (I think second was sveltekit iirc)
Anyways thinking about it now, I am sure that cloudflare must have been in talks with them for quite some time and they had the astro deployments on cloudflare workers so they must have seen its usage and other data we have no idea about to justify this purchase
That being said, I had been part of astro community almost exactly the time they had partnered up with turso (It was my holidays so I wanted to build a website from scratch, I sadly lost it but it was really cool and it had BMO from adventure time's pixel art that I lost oof :<)
So I was in their discord when they had just joined turso for astro DB and at that point, you couldn't host it locally (some tried with wasm) not sure what's the reality now though. But its interesting to see this because cloudflare offers a turso (serverless sqlite) alternative as Cloudflare D1, So we might see Astro shift to d1?
Once again, I have not been part of community for almost around 1-2 years so I don't know the current state of Astro aside from tweaking around making my own custom editor in bun for some astro templates (astro templates are really cool)
Perhaps, we are gonna see astro templates website + cloudflare workers to create an instant deployment of astro templates on cloudflare workers as a first class citizen. Honestly I would love that because cf workers/pages are free/cheapest in the whole market.
I hope that Astro still stays local first and still its serverless features can benefit everybody and not just cloudflare (looking at you vercel for nextjs)
With these sort of combinations the deploy to cloudflare button gets ever bigger than over time. And then features get added that only work with CF and eventually it’s still open source but only half the stuff works standalone etc
That said - good for them.
Congratulations!
My apologies friends, I could not resist!
Congrats Astro team!
But do such acquihires usually result in higher salaries for regular (non-leadership) employees or? Also, what about NSOs?
[1] https://cto4.ai
Given what agents can do, I feel a lot of the sites built on Webflow, Framer and so on will move to code and Astro is a great framework for this.
If you want some precedent look at Hono. Initially it was just for the CF Workers runtime (not developed by CF). Then CF started using Hono internally and hired the dev to work on Hono full time. Hono works on any JS runtime.
With [Mastro], we have a different approach. The name originally stood for "minimal Astro", and we’re staying true to that. At just ~700 lines of TypeScript, Mastro will always be easily maintainable – even if by just a single person. And it's amazing how much you can do if you're very deliberate in your API's design.
[Mastro]: https://mastrojs.github.io/
Unironically have been migrating my static pages (from Nextjs and Eleventy) to plain HTML and love it. Of course depends on your use case if that is feasible.
Then one is pretty much safe from framework tides.
There's one other I've seen recently that looked good but I have misplaced the link
There's even an article about it somewhere.
But why are you looking for alternatives already?
Who is this framework for?
It's been years, and they still don't support unit testing Astro Actions. They still don't support inter-island communication.
"Astro v6 is around the corner" - and the only changes are 1. refactored CLI (why? it's perfectly fine) 2. bumped zod to v4
It's great if you want to build a blog or something, but it's definitely far from great for building apps.
Don't know what they are thinking.
They even say it in this blog:
"Our mission to design a web framework specifically for building websites — what we call content-driven websites, to better distinguish from data-driven, stateful web applications — resonated"
Not an Astro expert, but the massive headline at the top of the homepage may provide a clue as to their intended audience:
> The web framework for content-driven websites
You can easily add any global store library to your project to communicate between islands from the very simple (nanostores) to more complex stuff (are people still using mobx, redux, etc?)
I actually would prefer if Astro kept the core more simple, I never understood the point of Astro components for example; always thought their game plan would be to build their own client-side framework like what remix v3 is doing, but currently their components are too limited to make them worth using over just doing everything in react, svelte, or whatever floats your boat.
The docs show how to use nanostores but you can use other libs like vue refs, etc.
> They still don't support inter-island communication
Are these numbers supposed to provide any sense of the popularity if you're not often looking at npm trends?
It’s noteworthy because this comment is currently the top voted comment, probably because it hits all the notes of what you’d get if you asked an LLM to generate some content to tap into anger in a Hacker News comment section. It’s scary that this type of LLM powered engagement bait is so successfully being used to advertise on HN.
Only in dreams, it took off thanks to the likes of IBM that decided it was a way to save costs on their UNIX development efforts, many key projects have been founded thanks to Red-Hat Enterprise licenses, nowadays also part of IBM.
GCC, clang, GNOME, Linux kernel, systemd, CUPS, AMD/NVidia drivers, have plenty of big corp money.
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux
"1998: Many major companies such as IBM, Compaq and Oracle announce their support for Linux."
The whole story (https://corecursive.com/066-sqlite-with-richard-hipp/) is fascinating, but here are a couple of interesting excerpts:
> I scrambled around and came up with some pricing strategy. [Motorola] wanted some enhancements to it so it could go in their phones, and I gave them a quote and at the time, I thought this was a quote for all the money in the world. It was just huge. ($80k)
> [Nokia] flew me over and said, “Hey, yeah, this is great. We want this but we need some enhancements.” I [Richard Hipp] said, “Great,” and we cut a contract to do some development work for them.
> We were going around boasting to everybody naively that SQLite didn’t have any bugs in it, or no serious bugs, but Android definitely proved us wrong. Look, I used to think that I could write software with no bugs in it. It’s amazing how many bugs will crop up when your software suddenly gets shipped on millions of devices.
If you can find paying customers that can fund your development, then it's fantastic. It's even better if those contracts give you scale that none of your competitors have. You don't need VC money if that's the case. But let's not pretend that Astro were in that situation. No one was paying for a web framework.
European Commission issues call for evidence on open source
The EU is looking for facts like this as it figures out how to use OS to begin to extend its digital sovereignty. I don't think it's as simple as, "get funding from a giant continental government instead of VCs!" but what I hope is that there is a structure the EU and Open Source can forge together that gives OS software the funding it needs to build more Nginxes and SQLites in a way that fosters the independence of those projects along with the independence of the entities that use it.
Modern expectations that a VC pumps in millions (or billions) of dollars and then extracts 10s of billions a few years later is an unrealistic expectation for most companies, and forcing everything into that model is killing off a lot of projects that could be successful on a smaller scale. The pressure forces small companies to sell out to bigger corporations, consolidating the industry into a few huge players who gate keep and limit competition and choice.
Many, many people working on Linux work for companies that pay them to work on Linux. Linux is not, and I don't believe has ever claimed to be, community-funded.
Nginx was bought, a couple of times maybe, so they have had cash injections of some sort.
> We need more ways to fund infrastructure that don't require artificial monetization timelines.
Funding infrastructure isn't the problem, exactly. VC is for a specific type of funding: risky businesses that need scale to make money. We have found the answer: VCs, who are willing to lose all their money on your project.
> I fully admit using Ai as my editor
No one enjoys reading AI slop. It has 0 value, and it's a huge turnoff on forums like this. You should stop doing it.
I think donating to the Apache Foundation is preferable.
We all lose while they all tell us we're winning.