Use the Python type hints. You don't need to be specific, they help a lot even when you have some 'anys' inside composed types.

Anyway, Python tools are usually capable of refactoring any code that isn't reflective or self-rewriting. There are places for those two, but those are very few and the AI won't have any idea how to work at those places either.

JavaScript is a problem.

Shift-F6 (rename refactor) is my goto, and what I miss most in a code editor (maybe LSPs support that today for most languages).

It also takes away the mental tax burden of thinking up good names for things when writing out code quickly on the first pass.

Works very well with PHP (in PHPStorm), and I'd expect somewhat similar reliability in PyCharm on a Python project with some type annotations (or maybe even with none?).

With the advent of LSPs and treesitter parser approach I wished to see higher level refactorings possible by now, but innertia in tooling space died down as most focus switched to LLMs.