you were very hand-wavey and just said "matters"Affects insulin levels, insulemic effects etc.
The point is that quantity alone is not sufficient consideration, quality also must be taken into account.
I could be arsed to dig up a bunch of references, but frankly I'm not ego-attached to this issue right now. That said:
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=effects+of+gastric+emptying+on+ins...
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=effects+of+insulin+levels+on+morta...
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=effects+of+insulin+levels+on+fat
... might give you some interesting starting points.
What matters when you ingest those 500 calories is what they're allocated to, and there endocrine responses (as well as body store availability) does matter.
500g of carbohydrate dumped in the bloodstream of an individual with depleted skeletal muscle and hepatic glycogen stores will have a different response (glycogen uptake in these tissues) than in an individual whose glycogen stores are already saturated (conversion to triglycerides and storage as fat).
Gastric emptying and rate of release matters as you're consuming roughly 15-25g of carbohydrate hourly in your brain (and a few more grams in other tissues). So that an ingested bolus of 500g cho released over the course of 5 hours is going to _largely_ simply result in uptake to tissues with an existing demand, rather than lipogenesis.
No, you can't say fuck you to thermodynamics, but you can dance the funky chicken around it.