I've written large applications in AngularJS, the dirty checking is generally not a problem. If you write complex directives that need to pass non-trivial data structures around, you have to know what you're doing, but it still works fine.

I don't get your reference to $timeout - $timeout is Angular's more testable wrapper around setTimeout for an asynchronous operation. AFAICT it's entirely unrelated to dirty checking - sometimes you just want something to happen later. Am I missing something?