tl;dr: inconsistent interface, no recommendations when nothing can handle it.
Generally quite true, though the 'share' icon on Android is pretty consistent. Easily 95%+ of the apps I've used have used that same icon.
A lot of this would be / could be solved by having some way you could replace the system's chooser. I hadn't thought of that before reading this article, but that would be pretty darn cool, and could be a significant improvement.