>>> The penalty for employers (losing some profit if all workers quit or get fired) is virtually nonexistent:
Because in your world running a business carries no risk as businesses never go bust. I see. Must be nice.
>>> limited-liability companies are set up with the explicit aim of exonerating capital owners from responsibility beyond the invested capital.
And losing invested capital (for small business/startup - likely all one has and also a lot of borrowed money) is nothing. Again, must be nice to be a man for whom losing all investment is nothing.
>>> The penalty for them is much higher
You mean, they have to go to work to another place now? If they possess marketable skills of decent quality, it won't be long before they'd be paid for them. If not, now we know why the business went bust - they shouldn't have hired workers which are incompetent.
>>> Refusing to consider the fundamental imbalance of labor relationships is disingenuous at best.
Here we considered it and found you fundamentally misunderstand both nature of business and nature of employment, suggesting business carries no risk and employment only possible with single employer and if that goes bust the worker can not work anymore. Yes, it does sound a bit sad.